What happens if a party refuses to comply with a document production order in Israeli arbitration?

The tribunal may draw an adverse inference against the non-complying party, which can be decisive in a close case. Alternatively, the other party can apply to the District Court for a judicial enforcement order. Non-compliance with a court order constitutes civil contempt; as of 2026, contempt fines in Israeli civil proceedings can reach NIS 5,000 per day of ongoing non-compliance under the Courts Law (Consolidated Version), 1984, plus the applicant's attorney fees.