How are expert witnesses used in Israeli arbitration?

Both party-appointed and tribunal-appointed experts are common. Under Section 26 of the ICA Law 2024, the tribunal may appoint its own neutral expert unless the parties agree otherwise. Party experts submit written reports; at the hearing, cross-examination or a concurrent hot-tub session follows. ICCA-administered cases often use the hot-tub format for technical disputes. Tribunal-appointed experts from the ICCA panel typically require an advance deposit of NIS 35,000 to NIS 65,000, split equally between the parties.