Are non-residents exempt from Israeli capital gains tax when selling Israeli shares?

Possibly, but it depends on the type of shares and your country of residence. Non-residents who are resident in a treaty country may be exempt from Israeli CGT on gains from shares in most Israeli companies, provided the company is not predominantly a real-estate holding company. For private company shares, Israeli CGT at 25% generally applies unless an exemption certificate is obtained. Always verify with an Israeli tax advisor before completing a transaction.