Diaspora families keep money in Israeli bank accounts between visits. Foreign investors hold bonds listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. Private lenders extend credit to Israeli family members or business partners. In each of these situations, when the interest payment arrives, the question is identical: how much does Israel take?
The answer is scattered across several provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance and a handful of administrative directives that Israeli banks rarely explain upfront. This guide maps the full picture for 2026: which types of interest income are taxed, which are exempt, how withholding works in practice, and what to do when a double taxation treaty reduces your bill further.
1. Overview: Israel's Framework for Taxing Non-Resident Interest Income
Israel taxes non-residents only on income with an Israeli source. For interest, that means interest paid by an Israeli bank, an Israeli company, an Israeli individual, or arising from Israeli government securities. Non-residents with such income fall under Sections 2(4) and 4 of the Income Tax Ordinance [New Version] 1961 (the "Ordinance").
The standard withholding rate on interest paid to a non-resident is 25% under Section 170(a) of the Ordinance. The payer, whether a bank, a company, or a private borrower, acts as the withholding agent and is legally obligated to deduct 25% from each interest payment and remit it to the Israel Tax Authority (ITA, Rashut HaMisim) by the 15th of the month following the quarter in which the payment was made.
Two factors determine whether a specific interest stream is taxable. Currency comes first: interest on foreign-currency deposits at Israeli banks is exempt, while interest on New Israeli Shekel (NIS) deposits is not. Second is the instrument: bonds listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (TASE) held in a registered foreign-investor account are exempt, but interest on private loans and unlisted debt falls outside that exemption.
2. Interest on Israeli Bank Deposits: Foreign Currency vs. NIS
Foreign-currency deposits: fully exempt
Section 16(a)(1) of the Ordinance exempts interest received by a non-resident on a foreign-currency deposit held with an Israeli bank. "Foreign currency" covers US dollars, euros, British pounds sterling, and any other currency recognized by the Bank of Israel that is not New Israeli Shekels. The exemption is unconditional for genuine non-residents: no cap on deposit size, no minimum holding period, and no treaty requirement. Israeli banks process it automatically once Form 902 is on file, crediting the gross interest with zero withholding.
NIS (shekel) deposits: 25% withholding
If you hold shekels in an Israeli bank account — a common arrangement for diaspora families managing property expenses or funding Israeli relatives — interest on that balance is subject to 25% withholding at source. The bank deducts the tax automatically. No Israeli tax return is needed because the withholding is treated as a final tax. If your home country's double taxation treaty with Israel provides a lower rate, you can file for a refund of the excess withholding, as described in Section 6 below.
3. Interest on TASE-Listed Government and Corporate Bonds
Government bonds
Israel issues shekel-linked bonds known as Shahar (CPI-linked), Makam (unlinked treasury bills), and foreign-currency-linked bonds. Interest paid to a non-resident on these instruments when they are listed and traded on the TASE is exempt from Israeli income tax, provided the non-resident does not operate a permanent establishment in Israel through which the investment is held.
Corporate bonds: what changed in 2009
Since 1 January 2009, interest received by a "foreign investor" on corporate bonds listed on the TASE is also exempt. Two conditions must be satisfied:
- The investor must be a foreign resident (not an Israeli tax resident)
- The investor must not have a permanent establishment in Israel through which the investment is made
The exemption is claimed through the TASE's foreign-investor registration process. Once your brokerage account is registered as a foreign-investor account, your Israeli broker or custodian (among Israeli firms, Clal Finance, Excellence, IDB, and Psagot all offer this service) will pay interest on qualifying bonds without withholding.
4. Israel Bonds: The Diaspora Investment
"Israel Bonds" sold through the Development Corporation for Israel (DCI) are a distinct category from TASE-listed bonds. They are not traded on any stock exchange. They are US-dollar-denominated redeemable securities issued by the State of Israel and sold primarily in North America, Europe, Latin America, and other diaspora communities worldwide.
Israeli tax treatment
Because Israel Bonds are dollar-denominated and interest is paid to holders living outside Israel, the applicable provision is the same Section 16(a)(1) foreign-currency exemption that covers bank deposits. The Development Corporation for Israel confirms in its standard disclosures that no Israeli withholding tax applies to interest paid on Israel Bonds to non-Israeli residents.
US tax treatment
For US citizens and residents, Israel Bond interest is fully taxable as ordinary income under US federal law. The DCI issues Form 1099-INT annually. No special exclusion applies; the bonds are treated identically to any interest-bearing investment for US tax purposes.
5. Interest on Private Loans to Israeli Borrowers
If you have lent money privately to an Israeli individual or company — a promissory note, a family loan, or a commercial loan agreement — the interest you receive is Israeli-source income and falls outside both the bank-deposit and TASE exemptions. It is subject to 25% withholding under Section 170(a) of the Ordinance.
Who must withhold
The Israeli borrower is the withholding agent. Under the Income Tax Regulations (Withholding from Interest, Dividends, and Certain Other Payments) 1990, the borrower must deduct 25% from each interest payment and pay it to the ITA by the 15th of the month following the payment month.
Failure to withhold
If the borrower neglects to withhold, the ITA can assess them for the unwithheld amount plus interest under Section 190A of the Ordinance, calculated at an annual rate linked to the Israeli CPI. The non-resident lender may simultaneously receive a demand to file an Israeli annual return (Form 1301) and pay the tax directly.
Below-market and interest-free loans
The deemed-interest rules under the Ordinance apply to loans between related parties where the rate is below the "prescribed rate" set annually by the ITA. For 2025, the ITA set the prescribed rate at 3.47% per annum; the 2026 figure is published by the ITA each February. The difference between the prescribed rate and the rate actually charged is treated as deemed interest income in Israel, taxable to the lender.
6. Claiming Double Tax Treaty Relief on Israeli Interest Income
Israel has double taxation treaties with more than 60 countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, Australia, and the Netherlands. Almost every treaty includes an "Interest Article" that caps the Israeli withholding rate below the 25% domestic rate.
Typical treaty rates
Most of Israel's treaties cap the withholding rate somewhere between 10% and 17.5%: the US-Israel Treaty (Article 11) sets a 17.5% ceiling, the UK, Germany, and Canada treaties come in at 15%, and the Netherlands treaty allows as low as 10% in most cases. Treaty rates do not apply automatically — you must actively claim them.
How to activate the reduced rate
- Obtain a Certificate of Residency from your home-country tax authority. For US residents, this is IRS Form 6166.
- Submit ITA Form 2513 (Application for Reduced Withholding Rate) to the Israel Tax Authority's International Taxation Division, 125 Menachem Begin Boulevard, Tel Aviv. This can be filed online through the Shaam Online portal or by postal mail.
- The ITA reviews the application and issues a Tax Withholding Certificate (Teudat Nikui Mas) specifying the reduced rate.
- Present the certificate to your Israeli bank or borrower. From that point forward, they apply the treaty rate to future payments.
Processing time: 30 to 60 days in most cases. Apply before the first interest payment date of each calendar year to avoid withholding at the full 25% rate while the application is pending.
Claiming a refund for excess withholding
If 25% was already withheld and the applicable treaty rate is lower, the excess is recoverable by filing an Israeli annual income tax return (Form 1301) for the relevant year. Israeli tax year returns must be filed by 30 April of the following year (or 31 May if filed electronically). The ITA processes refunds within approximately 3 to 6 months of a complete filing, though complex cases or those requiring manual review take longer.
7. Filing Requirements and Common Mistakes
When non-residents are not required to file
As a general rule, a non-resident whose only Israeli-source income is interest subject to final withholding at source has no obligation to file an Israeli annual income tax return. Withholding at 25% or at the applicable treaty rate is a final tax on that income.
When a return is required or advisable
- You want to claim a refund because the applicable treaty rate is below the 25% withheld
- You have additional Israeli income sources (rental income, capital gains, a salary) alongside the interest
- You changed your residency status during the year
- The ITA has issued a demand to file (haazanat gvia)
The statute of limitations
Under Section 145 of the Ordinance, the ITA has four years from the end of the relevant tax year to issue a tax assessment on a return that was filed. For income that went entirely unreported and no return was filed, this period extends to six years from the end of that tax year. The ITA has used this extended period in international income cases when CRS (Common Reporting Standard) data from foreign tax authorities surfaced previously undisclosed Israeli income.
Common mistakes non-residents make
The most common slip is skipping Form 902 when opening an Israeli bank account. Without it, the bank defaults to the 15% Israeli-resident withholding rate, which does not work as a final tax for a non-resident and generates an unexpected filing obligation that the 25% non-resident rate avoids.
A different mistake, just as frequent: assuming that because Israel exempted the income, a home-country tax obligation also disappears. The Section 16(a)(1) exemption is Israeli domestic law only. The US, UK, Germany, and most other countries tax their residents on worldwide income regardless of where it was earned or how local law treats it.
Private loan arrangements are especially prone to gaps. Both the foreign lender and the Israeli borrower are legally responsible for the withholding mechanism, but many family arrangements proceed on a handshake. When the ITA or an estate proceeding later surfaces the interest — sometimes years on — penalties accumulate on both sides from the original payment date.
Finally, non-residency is not permanent by default. Spending 183 or more days in Israel during any calendar year triggers tax residency under Section 1 of the Ordinance. At that point the non-resident exemptions disappear and all worldwide income enters the Israeli tax system, often catching people off guard mid-year.