Can a shareholder dispute in an Israeli company be arbitrated?

Generally yes. Disputes over breach of a shareholders' agreement, share valuation in a buyout, deadlock resolution, and dividend disputes are all arbitrable when the arbitration clause appears in a binding agreement between the parties. However, certain statutory remedies under the Companies Law 5759-1999 — such as a court-ordered winding-up under Section 257 or an oppression petition under Section 191 — require court proceedings and cannot be replaced by arbitration.